Detailed Guide to Kailash Mansarovar Yatra
The Kailash Mansarovar Yatra is one of the most revered and challenging pilgrimages in the world. Situated in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China, the journey takes you to Mount Kailash (6,638 meters), considered the abode of Lord Shiva by Hindus, and Lake Mansarovar, a sacred lake that holds religious significance for Hindus, Buddhists, Jains, and Bon followers.
This pilgrimage, although demanding, offers immense spiritual rewards and breathtaking views of the Himalayas and Tibetan Plateau.
1. Significance of Kailash Mansarovar
- Mount Kailash is considered a divine mountain where Lord Shiva resides in eternal meditation.
- Lake Mansarovar is believed to cleanse the sins of a lifetime. Many pilgrims take a holy dip in its waters as a part of their religious rituals.
- For Jains, it is the site where their first Tirthankara, Rishabhdev, attained liberation.
- For Buddhists, Mount Kailash is known as “Gang Rinpoche” and is considered the home of Demchok, a wrathful deity representing supreme bliss.
2. Best Time to Visit
The yatra is open only during specific months due to extreme weather conditions at high altitudes. The best time to visit is between May and September, when the weather is relatively mild. Outside of this window, temperatures drop significantly, and snowfall can make the route inaccessible.
3. Routes to Kailash Mansarovar
There are two primary routes for the Kailash Mansarovar Yatra:
1. The Indian Government-Organized Route
This is organized by the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) in collaboration with the Kumaon Mandal Vikas Nigam (KMVN) and involves a selection process. The two routes offered are:
- Lipulekh Pass Route (Uttarakhand):
- This is the longer and more traditional route.
- Duration: Approximately 23–25 days.
- Starting Point: Kathgodam, Uttarakhand.
- Pilgrims travel by bus or jeep to Dharchula and then trek via the Lipulekh Pass.
- Trek Distance: 97 km.
- The route includes tough trekking at high altitudes, and is ideal for physically fit individuals.
- Nathu La Route (Sikkim):
- This is a relatively easier route due to vehicular access and a shorter trek.
- Duration: Approximately 21 days.
- Starting Point: Gangtok, Sikkim.
- The road is motorable, reducing the need for long treks, making it more suitable for elderly pilgrims.
2. The Private Operator Route (via Nepal)
This route is popular among pilgrims opting for private tours and involves fewer formalities.
- Duration: Approximately 14–18 days.
- Starting Point: Kathmandu, Nepal.
- From Kathmandu, pilgrims fly to Nepalgunj or Simikot, and then travel to Tibet via Hilsa by helicopter. After reaching Tibet, pilgrims drive to Lake Mansarovar and trek or travel by road to Mount Kailash.
- This route offers helicopter rides, making it easier than the traditional trekking routes.
4. Yatra Itinerary
Below is a general outline of the Kailash Mansarovar Yatra itinerary via both the Government and Private routes:
Government Route (via Lipulekh Pass)
- Kathgodam/Dharchula: Arrival and acclimatization.
- Narayan Ashram: Travel via Almora to Dharchula. Stay overnight.
- Tawaghat to Sirkha: Trekking begins. Travel through dense forests and river crossings.
- Sirkha to Gala: A challenging trek through narrow, steep paths.
- Budhi to Gunji: Acclimatization at Gunji due to high altitude.
- Gunji to Navidhang: A scenic trek with views of the snow-clad Himalayas.
- Lipulekh Pass to Taklakot: Enter Tibet. The terrain becomes rocky and barren.
- Taklakot to Lake Mansarovar: A drive to the holy lake for parikrama (circumambulation) and a holy dip.
- Mount Kailash: Parikrama of Mount Kailash begins. Pilgrims cover the 52-km circuit over three days.
- Return via Lipulekh Pass: Trek back to India.
Private Route (via Nepal)
- Kathmandu: Arrival and briefing about the yatra.
- Kathmandu to Nepalgunj/Simikot: Fly to Nepalgunj and acclimatize.
- Simikot to Hilsa: Helicopter ride to Hilsa, followed by travel to the Tibet border.
- Taklakot: Entry into Tibet and rest to acclimatize.
- Lake Mansarovar: Travel by road to Mansarovar, take a holy dip, and perform rituals.
- Mount Kailash Parikrama: The three-day trek or drive around the mountain.
- Return to Kathmandu: Helicopter back to Nepal and return.
5. Mount Kailash Parikrama
The Mount Kailash Parikrama (circumambulation) is the highlight of the yatra. It is considered to be an act of great spiritual merit.
- Total Distance: 52 km (can be done on foot or via yak or pony).
- Duration: 3 days.
- Highest Point: Dolma La Pass at 5,645 meters.
The journey around Mount Kailash is physically demanding and requires good acclimatization. Pilgrims walk through rugged terrains, past the Yam Dwar (the gateway to the parikrama) and ascend the steep Dolma La Pass before descending to complete the parikrama.
6. Things to Carry
Due to the high altitude, cold weather, and rough terrain, it’s important to be well-prepared.
- Clothing: Warm, layered clothing (thermals, woolens, waterproof jackets), gloves, hats, and sturdy trekking boots.
- Documents: Passport (for visa and permits), ID proofs, travel insurance, and yatra permits.
- Essentials: Trekking poles, water bottles, energy snacks, sunscreen, sunglasses, first aid kit, and altitude sickness medication.
- Trekking Gear: Backpack, raincoat, and personal toiletries.
- Altitude Sickness: Carry oxygen cylinders and medication for altitude sickness.
7. Permits and Documentation
For the Indian government route, pilgrims must apply through the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA). A selection process is based on medical fitness, age (18-70 years), and other factors.
For the private route, the tour operator arranges for visas and permits. Ensure you have:
- Chinese Visa (for entry into Tibet).
- Tibet Travel Permit.
- Medical fitness certificate from a registered doctor.
8. Cost of the Yatra
Government Route (via Lipulekh or Nathu La):
- Cost: ₹1.6 lakhs to ₹1.9 lakhs per person (varies by route).
- Includes travel, accommodation, meals, guides, and permits.
Private Operator Route (via Nepal):
- Cost: ₹1.5 lakhs to ₹2.5 lakhs per person.
- Includes helicopter rides, accommodation, travel, and permits.
9. Health and Safety Tips
- Acclimatization: Spend adequate time acclimatizing to high altitudes to avoid altitude sickness.
- Physical Fitness: Engage in cardiovascular and strength training exercises before the yatra to improve endurance.
- Hydration: Drink plenty of water to stay hydrated during the trek.
- Consult a Doctor: Before starting the yatra, consult a doctor to check if your body can handle the high-altitude conditions.
Conclusion
The Kailash Mansarovar Yatra is a once-in-a-lifetime spiritual journey that combines devotion, breathtaking natural beauty, and personal challenge. Whether you choose the government route or a private option, preparation is essential to ensure a successful and fulfilling experience.
